Methods of Forming Vertical Field Effect Transistors, Vertical Field Effect Transistors, And DRAM Cells

ABSTRACT

A method of forming a vertical field effect transistor includes etching an opening into semiconductor material. Sidewalls and radially outermost portions of the opening base are lined with masking material. A semiconductive material pillar is epitaxially grown to within the opening adjacent the masking material from the semiconductor material at the opening base. At least some of the masking material is removed from the opening. A gate dielectric is formed radially about the pillar. Conductive gate material is formed radially about the gate dielectric. An upper portion of the pillar is formed to comprise one source/drain region of the vertical transistor. Semiconductive material of the pillar received below the upper portion is formed to comprise a channel region of the vertical transistor. Semiconductor material adjacent the opening is formed to comprise another source/drain region of the vertical transistor. Other aspects and implementations are contemplated.

TECHNICAL FIELD

Embodiments disclosed herein pertain to methods of forming verticalfield effect transistors, including arrays of such transistors, forexample for DRAM and other circuitry. Embodiments disclosed herein alsopertain to vertical field effect transistors, including arrays of suchtransistors, and to DRAM cells.

BACKGROUND

Field effect transistors are devices commonly used in the fabrication ofintegrated circuitry. Such devices conventionally comprise a pair ofconductive source/drain regions having a semiconductive channel regiontherebetween. A conductive gate is received operably proximate thechannel region, and is separated therefrom by dielectric material.Application of suitable voltage to the gate causes current to flow fromone of the source/drain regions to the other through the channel region,accordingly operating as a switch depending upon voltage application tothe gate.

Transistors used in semiconductor constructions are supported by asemiconductor substrate. Such substrate might comprise bulkmonocrystalline substrates, and/or semiconductor-on-insulatorsubstrates. Regardless, the semiconductor substrate will have a primarysurface which can be considered to define a horizontal direction. Fieldeffect transistor devices can be divided into two broad categories basedupon the orientations of the channel region relative to the primarysurface of the semiconductor substrate. Specifically, transistorstructures which have channel regions that are generally parallel to theprimary surface of the substrate are referred to as planar or horizontaltransistor structures. Those having channel regions which are generallyperpendicular to the primary surface of the substrate are referred to asvertical transistor structures. Since current flow between the sourceand drain regions of a transistor device occurs through the channelregion, planar transistor devices can be distinguished from verticaltransistor devices based upon the direction of current flow as well ason the general orientation of the channel region. Specifically, verticaltransistor devices are devices in which the current flow between thesource and drain regions is primarily substantially orthogonal to aprimary surface of a semiconductor substrate. Planar or horizontaltransistor devices are devices in which the current flow between sourceand drain regions is primarily parallel to the primary surface of thesemiconductor substrate.

Memory is one type of integrated circuitry, and is used in computersystems for storing data. Such is typically fabricated in one or morearrays of individual memory cells. The memory cells might be volatile,semi-volatile, or non-volatile. Non-volatile memory cells can store datafor extended periods of time, and in many instances including when thecomputer is turned off. Volatile memory dissipates and therefore isrequired to be refreshed/rewritten, and in many instances includingmultiple times per second.

One example volatile semiconductor memory is dynamic random accessmemory (DRAM). In one example, an individual DRAM cell includes a fieldeffect transistor and a storage capacitor. One of the source/drainregions of the transistor connects with one electrode of the storagecapacitor, while the other source/drain region electrically connectswith a bit line. In some instances, pairs of immediately adjacent fieldeffect transistors might share a common source/drain region to which abit line electrically connects. DRAM cells may be characterized asrequiring rewriting or refreshing multiple times a second. How oftenrefresh must occur is effected by a number of factors, including degreeof current/charge leakage. Two significant components of leakage includechannel leakage of the transistor to underlying semiconductor substratematerial, and junction or gate induced drain leakage.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic top plan view of a semiconductor substratefragment in process in accordance with example embodiments of theinvention.

FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic section view taken through line 2-2 in FIG. 1.

FIG. 3 is a view of the FIG. 1 substrate at a processing step subsequentto that shown by FIG. 1.

FIG. 4 is a section view taken through line 4-4 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is a section view taken through line 5-5 in FIG. 3.

FIG. 6 is view of the FIG. 4 substrate at a processing step subsequentto that shown by FIG. 4.

FIG. 7 is a view of the FIG. 3 substrate at a processing step subsequentto that shown by FIG. 6.

FIG. 8 is a section view taken through line 8-8 in FIG. 7.

FIG. 9 is a section view taken through line 9-9 in FIG. 7.

FIG. 10 is a view of the FIG. 7 substrate at a processing stepsubsequent to that shown by FIG. 7.

FIG. 11 is a section view taken through line 11-11 in FIG. 10.

FIG. 12 is a section view taken through line 12-12 in FIG. 10.

FIG. 13 is a view of the FIG. 11 substrate at a processing stepsubsequent to that shown by FIG. 11.

FIG. 14 is a view of the FIG. 12 substrate at a processing stepsubsequent to that shown by FIG. 12, and corresponding in sequence tothat shown by FIG. 13.

FIG. 15 is a view of the FIG. 10 substrate at a processing stepsubsequent to that shown by FIG. 10.

FIG. 16 is a section view taken through line 16-16 in FIG. 15.

FIG. 17 is a section view taken through line 17-17 in FIG. 15.

FIG. 18 is a view of the FIG. 16 substrate at a processing stepsubsequent to that shown by FIG. 16.

FIG. 19 is a view of the FIG. 18 substrate at a processing stepsubsequent to that shown by FIG. 18.

FIG. 20 is a view of the FIG. 17 substrate at a processing stepsubsequent to that shown by FIG. 17, and corresponding in sequence tothat shown by FIG. 19.

FIG. 21 is a view of the FIG. 15 substrate at a processing stepsubsequent to that shown by FIGS. 19 and 20.

FIG. 22 is a section view taken through line 22-22 in FIG. 21.

FIG. 23 is a section view taken through line 23-23 in FIG. 21.

FIG. 24 is a view of the FIG. 21 substrate at a processing stepsubsequent to that shown by FIG. 21.

FIG. 25 is a section view taken through line 25-25 in FIG. 24.

FIG. 26 is a section view taken through line 26-26 in FIG. 24.

FIG. 27 is a diagrammatic isometric view of the FIGS. 24-26 substrateincorporated in DRAM.

FIG. 28 is a diagrammatic view of an alternate embodiment semiconductorsubstrate fragment to that shown by FIG. 24.

FIG. 29 is a section view taken through line 29-29 in FIG. 28.

FIG. 30 is a section view taken through line 30-30 in FIG. 28.

FIG. 31 is a diagrammatic isometric view of the FIGS. 28-30 substrateincorporated in DRAM.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXAMPLE EMBODIMENTS

Example methods of forming a vertical field effect transistor, includingforming an array of such transistors, are described with reference toFIGS. 1-31. Referring initially to FIGS. 1 and 2, a semiconductorsubstrate in process is indicated generally with reference 10. In thecontext of this document, the term “semiconductor substrate” or“semiconductive substrate” is defined to mean any constructioncomprising semiconductive material, including, but not limited to, bulksemiconductive materials such as a semiconductive wafer (either alone orin assemblies comprising other materials thereon), and semiconductivematerial layers (either alone or in assemblies comprising othermaterials). The term “substrate” refers to any supporting structure,including, but not limited to, the semiconductive substrates describedabove. Substrate 10 comprises bulk semiconductor material 12, forexample lightly doped monocrystalline silicon. Although the descriptionproceeds primarily with reference to bulk semiconductor processing,semiconductor-on-insulator processing and other substrates might also beused. Substrate 10 is depicted as having been processed to form aplurality of semiconductive material active area islands 14 which areradially surrounded by insulative isolation material 16 and which isreceived between adjacent of such islands. Example material 16 includesone or a combination of doped and/or undoped silicon dioxide, andsilicon nitride. Substrate 10 might be fabricated to produce the FIGS. 1and 2 construction by trench and refill, LOCOS, or other techniques, andwhether existing or yet-to-be developed. In one embodiment, pairs ofadjacent field effect vertical transistors will be fabricated withrespect to individual of active area islands 14.

Referring to FIGS. 3-5, a pair of laterally opposed openings 18, 19 hasbeen etched into semiconductor material 12 at laterally opposed edges ofeach of active area islands 14. Such may be formed by any masking andetching techniques, whether existing or yet-to-be developed. FIGS. 3-5depict creation of openings 18, 19 by deposition and patterning of amasking material 20, for example photoresist, and using such as an etchmask for formation of openings 18, 19. Specifically, FIGS. 3-5 depictmasking material 20 having been patterned to form a mask 21 wherein aseries of line openings 22 have been fabricated through masking material20. Such extend inwardly to the laterally opposed edges of each ofactive areas 14, and overlie insulative isolation material 16 receivedbetween adjacent active area regions 14. Then in one embodiment,material 12 is etched selectively relative to material 16. Regardless,respective openings 18, 19 can be considered as comprising a base 24 andsurrounding sidewalls 25, 26. Sidewall portions 25 comprisesemiconductor material 12 of the respective active area island 14 thatis received between pair of openings 18, 19. Sidewall portions 26comprise insulative isolation material 16. By way of example only, anexample depth for openings 18, 19 within semiconductor material 12 froman outermost surface thereof is from 500 Angstroms to 1,500 Angstroms.

Referring to FIG. 6, masking material 20 (not shown) has been removedand masking material 30 has been blanketly deposited over substrate 10to less than fill openings 18, 19, and for convenience herein isreferred to as a first masking material. First masking material 30 maybe any of insulative, conductive, and/or semiconductive, for exampledepending upon degree of its subsequent removal as will be apparent fromthe continuing discussion. By ways of example only, an exampleinsulative material is silicon nitride, an example semiconductivematerial is doped polysilicon, and an example conductive material istitanium nitride.

Referring to FIGS. 7-9, a mask 32 has been formed with a second maskingmaterial 34 and is received over first masking material 30. In oneembodiment, second masking material 34 is of different composition fromthat of first masking material 30, for example to enable selectiveetching of each relative to the other. Mask 32 comprises and/orultimately results in a plurality of line openings 33 that areindividually received over a plurality of the openings 18 and/or 19 ofdifferent active area islands 14. In one embodiment, mask 32 isidentical in configuration to that of mask 21 of FIGS. 3-5.

Referring to FIGS. 10-12, first masking material 30 has beenanisotropically etched through line openings 33 in second maskingmaterial 34 to form a lining 36 of first masking material 30 whichsurrounds opening sidewalls 25, 26, and is received over radiallyoutermost portions of opening base 24 of each of pairs of openings 18,19. Such provides but one example of lining surrounding openingsidewalls 25, 26 and radially outermost portions of openings base 24 ofeach of openings 18, 19 with some suitable masking material. In thedepicted example, such has occurred by deposition followed byanisotropic etching of a masking material, such as masking material 30.Further by way of example only, such anisotropic etching has beenconducted without any mask being received over openings 18, 19, yet witha mask received over at least some of insulative isolation material 16and over some of semiconductive material 12 that is received betweeneach of pairs of openings 18, 19. Further in the depicted example, theanisotropic etching is conducted with a mask that is received over allof semiconductive material 12 that is received between each of pairs ofopenings 18, 19. Alternate masking, or perhaps no masking, might also beconducted when lining the surrounding opening sidewalls and radiallyoutermost portions of the opening base with masking material.

Referring to FIG. 13, a semiconductive material pillar 40 has beenepitaxially grown to within each of pair of openings 18, 19 adjacentfirst masking material lining 36 from semiconductor material 12 at therespective opening base 24. Any suitable existing or yet-to-be developedepitaxial growth technique for growing semiconductive material pillar 40from semiconductor material 20 is contemplated.

Referring to FIG. 14, mask 32 has been used to etch insulative isolationmaterial 16 received between active area islands 14 and form a series ofgate line openings 42 which also effectively overlie respectivepluralities of semiconductive material pillars 40. Such etching isideally conducted highly selectively relative to the material of pillars40.

Referring to claims 15-17, at least some of second masking material 34(not shown) has been removed, and at least some of first maskingmaterial 30 (not shown) has been removed from each of openings 18, 19.In the depicted example embodiment, all of first masking material 30(not shown) has been removed from openings 18, 19.

Referring to FIG. 18, a gate dielectric 44 has been formed radiallyabout each of pillars 40. Any existing or yet-to-be developed gatedielectric is contemplated. In one example and as shown, gate dielectricis formed by oxidizing an outer portion of the semiconductor material ofpillars 40 which also oxidizes semiconductor material 12.

Removal of second masking material 34 may occur before or after removingat least some of first masking material 30. Further, removing of secondmasking material 34 may occur before or after forming gate dielectric44.

Referring to FIGS. 19 and 20, conductive gate material 46 has beenformed into and overfills series of gate line openings 42, andaccordingly is received radially about gate dielectric 44 that isreceived about each of pillars 40 within gate line openings 42.Conductive gate material 46 might be homogenous or non-homogenous.Example materials include elemental metals, alloys of elemental metals,conductive metal compounds, and/or conductively doped semiconductivematerial such as conductively doped polysilicon.

Referring to FIGS. 21-23, conductive gate material 46 has been removed(for example by polishing and/or etching) at least outwardly of and toinsulative isolation material 16 to form a series of gate lines 48 whicheffectively interconnect pluralities of gates of the verticaltransistors within the array, for example along the respective lines 48as shown. In one embodiment and as shown, the gate lines 48 are receivedwithin trenches within insulative isolation material 16 and extendbetween adjacent of active area islands 14. FIGS. 21-23 also depictrecessing of conductive material 46 relative to insulative isolationmaterial 16 to form upper portions 47 of each of pillars 40 whichproject upwardly within openings 18, 19 relative to series of gate lines48.

Referring to FIGS. 24-26, insulating material 50 has been formed aboutprojecting pillars 40 over conductive gate material 46. An exampletechnique for doing so includes deposition of a suitable insulatingmaterial (i.e., one or both of silicon dioxide or silicon nitride)followed by polishing back relative to insulative isolation material 16.

An upper portion of each of pillars 40 is formed to comprise onesource/drain region of one of the respective vertical transistors. Forexample, portion 47 of each pillar 40 can be suitably conductively dopedto function as a source/drain region of a field effect transistor, ashas been indicated by stippling. Semiconductive material 12 receivedbetween each of pair of openings 18, 19 can be formed to compriseanother and a shared source/drain region of two adjacent of the verticaltransistors. For example, FIGS. 24-26 depict adjacent respective pairsof transistors 55, 56. Region 52 between initial openings 18, 19 can besuitably conductively doped to function as such a shared source/drainregion of each transistor 55, 56, also as has been shown by stippling.Such doping can occur, for example and by way of example only, at anytime prior to or after epitaxial growth of semiconductive materialpillars 40.

Further, semiconductive material of each of pillars 40 which is receivedbelow the respective one source/drain region 47, for example region 60,is formed to comprise a channel region of the respective verticaltransistor. Alternate processing and designs are contemplated, which inone example is described below.

FIG. 27 depicts a diagrammatic perspective view of a pair of verticaltransistors 55, 56 associated with an active area island 14. In oneexample implementation, the respective vertical transistors are formedto comprise a portion of a DRAM cell, for example with two DRAM cells 65thereby being depicted. In one embodiment and as shown, upper portions47 comprise respective source/drain regions of individual transistors ofDRAM cells which connect with respective storage capacitors 70 ofindividual DRAM cells. In the depicted examples, upper portions 47connect with a storage node electrode 72 of a respective capacitor 70.An opposing electrode 74 of individual capacitors 70 may, in oneexample, comprise a common cell electrode of all capacitors within aDRAM array. The other source/drain region 52 of each respectivetransistor 55, 56 is depicted diagrammatically as connecting with asuitable digit line 68.

Without being limited to any theory or operation or requirement, certainadvantages may or may not be obtained by the above construction. Forexample, pillar-channels 60 of each transistor are surrounded byconductive gate electrode material 46, perhaps significantly improvingcontrol of the field effect transistor channels. Further in suchconfiguration, junction leakage to underlying substrate from the channelmay be significantly reduced since the channel is completely surroundedby the gate electrode.

An alternate embodiment to that shown by FIGS. 24-27 is shown anddescribed with reference to FIGS. 28-31 in connection with a substratefragment 10 a. Like numerals from the FIGS. 24-27 embodiment have beenutilized where appropriate, with differences being indicated with thesuffix “a”. In semiconductor fragment 10 a, semiconductor material 12below base 24 of each of pair of openings 18, 19 as well assemiconductor material 12 received between each of pair of openings 18,19 has been formed to comprise another and a shared source/drain regionof two adjacent of the vertical transistors. For example, FIGS. 28-30depict adjacent respective pairs of transistors 55 a, 56 a. Region 52 abeneath and between initial openings 18, 19 has been suitablyconductively doped to function as such a shared source/drain region ofeach transistor 55 a, 56 a, also as has been shown by stippling. Suchdoping can occur, for example and by way of example only, at any timeprior to epitaxial growth of semiconductive material pillars 40.

Further, semiconductive material of each of pillars 40 which is receivedbetween the respective one and another of the example source/drainregions 47 and 52 a, for example region 60 a, is formed to comprise achannel region of the respective vertical transistor. Alternateprocessing and designs are again contemplated.

FIG. 31 depicts a diagrammatic perspective view of pair of verticaltransistors 55 a, 56 a associated with an active area island 14. In oneexample implementation, the respective vertical transistors are formedto comprise a portion of a DRAM cell, for example with two DRAM cells 65a thereby being depicted. In one embodiment and as shown, upper portions47 comprise respective source/drain regions of individual transistors ofDRAM cells which connect with respective storage capacitors 70 ofindividual DRAM cells. In the depicted examples, upper portions 47connect with a storage node electrode 72 of a respective capacitor 70.An opposing electrode 74 of individual capacitors 70 may, in oneexample, comprise a common cell electrode of all capacitors within aDRAM array. The other source/drain region 52 a of each respectivetransistor 55, 56 is depicted diagrammatically as connecting with asuitable digit line 68.

Embodiments of the invention also encompass vertical field effecttransistors independent of method of fabrication. For example, referringto FIGS. 29 and 31, and by way of example only, either of transistors 55a, 56 a comprises a pillar 40 projecting upwardly from semiconductivematerial of a substrate, for example from material 12. Pillar 40comprises an upper portion of semiconductor material that isconductively doped effective to form a first of two source/drain regionsof the vertical transistor (i.e. portion 47). Pillar 40 comprises alower portion of semiconductor material that is effectively doped toform a channel region of the vertical transistor (i.e. region 60 a). Agate dielectric is received radially about the channel region (i.e.,material 44), and conductive gate material (i.e., material 46) isreceived radially about the gate dielectric.

A second of the two source/drain regions of the vertical transistor isL-shaped in vertical cross section. For example, each of verticaltransistors 55 a, 56 a is depicted with a respective L cross sectiondesignated with numeral 75 or 76 with respect to its respective secondsource/drain region 52 a. The L cross section-shaped second source/drainregion comprises a horizontally oriented L-base segment (respectivelydesignated with either numeral 77 or 78) which comprises conductivelydoped semiconductor material received beneath the respective pillar 40and which extends laterally relative to such pillar for the respectivesource/drain region. The L-shaped second source/drain region 52 a alsocomprises a vertically oriented L-stem segment (designated as 79 or 80)of conductively doped semiconductor material which is connected with therespective L-base segment 77 or 78 and extends upwardly parallel therespective pillar 40.

In one embodiment, the L-stem segment extends vertically along at leasta majority of channel region 60 a, with the depicted embodiment showingthe L-stem segments as extending vertically along all of such channelregions. Further in one embodiment, the L-stem segment 79 or 80 extendsvertically along at least a majority of first source/drain region 47. Inthe FIGS. 29 and 31 embodiment, such L-stem segments extend verticallyalong all of first source/drain regions 47.

Further considered, an embodiment of the invention contemplates a pairof adjacent vertical field effect transistors, for example transistors55 a and 56 a as shown. Each transistor of such pair comprises a pillarwhich projects upwardly from semiconductor material of a substrate. Eachpillar comprises an upper portion of semiconductor material that isconductively doped effective to form a first of two source/drain regionsof one of the vertical transistors of the pair. Each pillar comprises alower portion of semiconductor material that is effectively doped toform a channel region of one of the vertical transistors of the pair. Agate dielectric is received radially about the channel region of each ofthe pillars. Conductive gate material is received radially about thegate dielectric that is received radially about each of the pillars.

A second of the two source/drain regions of the pair of verticaltransistors is T-shaped in vertical cross section and is shared by eachof the pair of vertical transistors. For example in the above describedembodiment, either of the second source/drain region which is associateswith each transistor can be individually considered as being in arespective L-shaped vertical cross section as described above. Furthercollectively, such second of two source/drain regions can be consideredas being T-shaped in vertical cross section and shared by each of thepair of vertical transistors 55 a, 56 a, and as has been designated withrespect to an inverted T with numeral 81. For example, the T-shapedsecond source/drain region 52 can be considered as comprising ahorizontally oriented segment 82 comprising conductively dopedsemiconductor material that is received beneath each of and extendsbetween pillars 40. The T-shaped second source/drain region 52 a alsocomprises a vertically oriented segment 83 of conductively dopedsemiconductor material. Segment 83 connects with horizontally orientedsegment 82, and extends upwardly between and parallel the two pillars40.

Further, embodiments of the invention encompass a pair of DRAM cells,including an array of multiple pairs of DRAM cells. For example asdescribed immediately above, a pair of adjacent vertical field effecttransistors 55 a, 56 a for a pair of DRAM cells is provided. A bit line68 connects with an upper portion of vertically oriented segment 83 ofsemiconductor material of the shared second source/drain region 52 a.

A first storage capacitor connects with the first source/drain region ofone of the vertical transistors of the pair, for example theleft-depicted capacitor 70 shown electrically connecting with firstsource/drain region 47 of vertical transistor 55 a. A second storagecapacitor connects with the first source/drain region of another of thevertical transistors of the pair, for example the right-depictedcapacitor 70 which electrically connects with first source/drain region47 of vertical transistor 56 a.

In compliance with the statute, the subject matter disclosed herein hasbeen described in language more or less specific as to structural andmethodical features. It is to be understood, however, that the claimsare not limited to the specific features shown and described, since themeans herein disclosed comprise example embodiments. The claims are thusto be afforded full scope as literally worded, and to be appropriatelyinterpreted in accordance with the doctrine of equivalents.

1. A method of forming a vertical field effect transistor, comprising:providing an opening comprising a semiconductor material-comprising baseand semiconductor material-comprising surrounding sidewalls; epitixiallygrowing a semiconductive material pillar to within the opening from thesemiconductor material at the opening base to form the semiconductivematerial pillar to be radially spaced from the semiconductormaterial-comprising surrounding sidewalls; forming a gate dielectricradially about the pillar, and forming conductive gate material radiallyabout the gate dielectric; and forming an upper portion of the pillar tocomprise one source/drain region of the vertical transistor, formingsemiconductive material of the pillar received below the upper portionto comprise a channel region of the vertical transistor, and formingsemiconductor material adjacent the opening to comprise anothersource/drain region of the vertical transistor. 2-4. (canceled)
 5. Themethod of claim 1 wherein forming the conductive gate material comprisesdepositing the conductive gate material to within the opening andthereafter recessing it to within the opening to leave the pillarprojecting upwardly within the opening from the conductive gatematerial.
 6. The method of claim 5 comprising forming insulatingmaterial within the opening about that portion of the pillar projectingupwardly from the conductive gate material.
 7. The method of claim 1comprising forming the vertical transistor to comprise a portion of aDRAM cell.
 8. The method of claim 7 comprising forming the upper portionof the one source/drain region to connect with a storage node electrodeof a capacitor of the DRAM cell and forming the another source/drainregion to connect with a bit line.
 9. A method of forming a verticalfield effect transistor, comprising: providing an opening comprising asemiconductor material-comprising base and semiconductormaterial-comprising surrounding sidewalls; epitixially growing asemiconductive material pillar to within the opening from thesemiconductor material at the opening base to form the semiconductivematerial pillar to be radially spaced from the semiconductormaterial-comprising surrounding sidewalls; forming a gate dielectricradially about the pillar, and forming conductive gate material radiallyabout the gate dielectric; and forming an upper portion of the pillar tocomprise one source/drain region of the vertical transistor, formingsemiconductor material below the base of the opening to comprise anothersource/drain region of the vertical transistor, and formingsemiconductive material of the pillar received between the one andanother of the source/drain regions to comprise a channel region of thevertical transistor.
 10. A method of forming a pair of adjacent fieldeffect vertical transistors, comprising: forming a semiconductormaterial active area island radially surrounded by insulative isolationmaterial; etching a pair of laterally opposed openings into thesemiconductor material at laterally opposed edges of the active areaisland, the respective openings comprising a base and surroundingsidewalls, the surrounding sidewalls comprising semiconductor materialof the active area island that is received between the pair of openingsand comprising the insulative isolation material; epitixially growing asemiconductive material pillar to within each of said pair of openingsfrom the semiconductor material at the respective opening base to formthe semiconductive material pillar to be radially spaced from thesemiconductor material-comprising surrounding sidewalls; forming a gatedielectric radially about each of the pillars, and forming conductivegate material radially about the gate dielectric that is received abouteach of the pillars; and forming an upper portion of each of the pillarsto comprise one source/drain region of one of the pair of verticaltransistors, forming semiconductive material of each of the pillarsreceived below the respective upper portion to comprise a channel regionof the respective vertical transistor, and forming semiconductormaterial received between each of the pair of openings to compriseanother and shared source/drain region of both of the pair of verticaltransistors. 11-15. (canceled)
 16. The method of claim 11 comprisingforming semiconductor material received below the base of each of thepair of openings to comprise a portion of said another and sharedsource/drain region.
 17. A method of forming an array of vertical fieldeffect transistors, comprising: forming a plurality of semiconductormaterial active area islands radially surrounded by insulative isolationmaterial which is received between adjacent of said islands; etching apair of laterally opposed openings into the semiconductor material atlaterally opposed edges of each of the active area islands, therespective openings comprising a base and surrounding sidewalls, thesurrounding sidewalls comprising semiconductor material of therespective active area island that is received between the pair ofopenings and comprising the insulative isolation material; epitixiallygrowing a semiconductive material pillar to within each of said pair ofopenings from the semiconductor material at the respective opening baseto form the semiconductive material pillar to be radially spaced fromthe semiconductor material-comprising surrounding sidewalls; forming agate dielectric radially about each of the pillars; forming an upperportion of each of the pillars to comprise one source/drain region ofone of the respective vertical transistors, forming semiconductivematerial of each of the pillars received below the respective upperportion to comprise a channel region of the respective verticaltransistor, and forming semiconductor material received between each ofthe pair of openings to comprise another and shared source/drain regionof two adjacent of the vertical transistors; and forming conductive gatematerial radially about the gate dielectric that is received about eachof the pillars, the conductive gate material being formed into a seriesof gate lines interconnecting pluralities of gates of the verticaltransistors within the array.
 18. The method of claim 17 comprisingforming the gate lines to be received within trenches within theinsulative isolation material, the trenches extending between adjacentof the active area islands.
 19. The method of claim 17 comprisingforming semiconductor material received below the base of each of thepair of openings to comprise a portion of said another and sharedsource/drain region of two adjacent of the vertical transistors. 20-27.(canceled)
 28. A vertical field effect transistor comprising: a pillarprojecting upwardly from semiconductor material of substrate, the pillarcomprising an upper portion of semiconductor material that isconductively doped effective to form a first of two source/drain regionsof the vertical transistor, the pillar comprising a lower portion ofsemiconductor material that is effectively doped to form a channelregion of the vertical transistor; a gate dielectric received radiallyabout the channel region of the pillar; conductive gate materialreceived radially about the gate dielectric; and a second of the twosource/drain regions of the vertical transistor being L-shaped invertical cross section, the L-shaped second source/drain regioncomprising a horizontally oriented L-base segment comprisingconductively doped semiconductor material beneath the pillar whichextends laterally relative to the pillar, the L-shaped secondsource/drain region comprising a vertically oriented L-stem segment ofconductively doped semiconductor material connected with the L-basesegment and extending upwardly parallel the pillar, the verticallyoriented L-stem segment being longer in length than the L-base segment.29. The transistor of claim 28 wherein the L-stem segment extendsvertically along at least a majority of the channel region.
 30. Thetransistor of claim 29 wherein the L-stem segment extends verticallyalong all of the channel region.
 31. The transistor of claim 30 whereinthe L-stem segment extends vertically along at least a majority of thefirst source/drain region.
 32. The transistor of claim 31 wherein theL-stem segment extends vertically along all of the first source/drainregion.
 33. A pair of adjacent vertical field effect transistorscomprising: each transistor of the pair comprising a pillar projectingupwardly from semiconductor material of a substrate, each pillarcomprising an upper portion of semiconductor material that isconductively doped effective to form a first of two source/drain regionsof one of the vertical transistors of the pair, each pillar comprising alower portion of semiconductor material that is effectively doped toform a channel region of one of the vertical transistors of the pair;gate dielectric received radially about the channel region of each ofthe pillars; conductive gate material received radially about the gatedielectric that is received radially about each of the pillars; and asecond of the two source/drain regions of the pair of verticaltransistors being T-shaped in vertical cross section and being shared byeach of the pair of vertical transistors, the T-shaped secondsource/drain region comprising a horizontally oriented segmentcomprising conductively doped semiconductor material received beneatheach of and extending between the two pillars, the T-shaped secondsource/drain region comprising a vertically oriented segment ofconductively doped semiconductor material connected with thehorizontally oriented segment and extending upwardly between andparallel the pillars, the horizontally oriented segment being longer inlength than the vertically oriented segment.
 34. A pair of DRAM cellscomprising: a pair of adjacent vertical field effect transistorscomprising: each transistor of the pair comprising a pillar projectingupwardly from semiconductor material of a substrate, each pillarcomprising an upper portion of semiconductor material that isconductively doped effective to form a first of two source/drain regionsof one of the vertical transistors of the pair, each pillar comprising alower portion of semiconductor material that is effectively doped toform a channel region of one of the vertical transistors of the pair;gate dielectric received radially about the channel region of each ofthe pillars; conductive gate material received radially about the gatedielectric that is received radially about each of the pillars; and asecond of the two source/drain regions of the pair of verticaltransistors being T-shaped in vertical cross section and being shared byeach of the pair of vertical transistors, the T-shaped secondsource/drain region comprising a horizontally oriented segmentcomprising conductively doped semiconductor material received beneatheach of and extending between the two pillars, the T-shaped secondsource/drain region comprising a vertically oriented segment ofconductively doped semiconductor material connected with thehorizontally oriented segment and extending upwardly between andparallel the pillars, the horizontally oriented segment being longer inlength than the vertically oriented segment; a bit line connected withan upper portion of the vertically oriented segment of the shared secondsource/drain region; and a first storage capacitor connected with thefirst source/drain region of one of the vertical transistors of the pairand a second storage capacitor connected with the first source/drainregion of another of the vertical transistors of the pair.
 35. An arrayof multiple pairs of DRAM cells of claim 34.